9.6 Other Agricultural Resources
Leah- section 1
All plants need water to grow
- Irrigation: giving water to plants for crops to grow from rivers, lakes and groundwater (except rain)
- 2/3 fresh water is for irrigation
- For some countries it is hard for irrigation to reach to the destination:
Farmers over-irrigate because of lacking technology to measure and distribute the water well.
- Water saving techniques: drip irrigation/ downward- facing sprinklers
- Waterlogging (excessive use of water): soil is saturated with water & plant’s roots die because of lacking oxygen.
- Salinization: happens when saline water is given through soils in dry climates. As water evaporates, the salt remains and kills the plant. Even though washing down with water, the saline water can go to stream.
- Irrigation problems lead too land degradation and crop losses.
water logging
<http://soer.justice.tas.gov.au/2003/image/410/index.php?action=glossary&value=off>
salinity
<http://www.topnews.in/healthcare/content/21342salinity-increasing-parts-oceans-report>
Quiz: (4pt)
1. Irrigation is giving water to crops from _________ , _____________ and ground water.
2. What are two water saving techniques?
3. What are the effects of irrigation problems?
4. What happens when too much water is given? Why?
Handout: (6pt)
1. Briefly explain what water irrigation is: (2pt)
2. What are the two main problems of irrigation? Define it: (4pt)
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Lupina- section 2
Plants need fertilizer- Outline
- need small amount of inorganic nutrients for growth(in addition to water, sunshine, co2)
Major= nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur.
- Magnesium&Calcium: limited in high rainfall areas. must be supplied in the form of lime.
Lack of nitrogen, potassiumm, and phosphorus limits plant growth. =adding these elements stimulates the growth and greatly increases crip yields
- doubling crop production since 1950, because increased inorganic fertiliizer.
- People want to use more and more fertilizers after they discover that they make their crops grow faster with more nutrients. However, there is maximum level of fertilizer, and after that amount is useless.
- phosphates and nitrates from farm fields and cattle feedlo=causes of aquatic ecosystem pollution
- nitrate level in groundwater has been risen to the point really dangerous in many areas people work intensive farming.
- using nitrate contaminated water to mix infant formula can be fatal for newborns
- alternative ways
1. manure and geen manure(crops grown specifically to add nutrients to the soil)
- nitrogen fixing bacteria living in root nudules of legumes are valuable for making nitrogen available as a plant nutrient
- interplanting or rotaing beans or some other leguminous crop with such crops as cor and wheat are traditional ways of increasing nitorgen availability
- more fertilizer in developing countries than undeveloped countries
Quiz (3pt)
5.what is the way to make plants grow faster with nutrient? (1)
6. Explain the investigation done with European farmers and north american farmers, and what can you conclude with that.(1)
7. What does using too much fertilizer do? Explain one(major) alternatives?(1)
handout (6pt)
3. what could some elements added to the soil to form fertilization? and what does it do to plants?(2)
4. List the problems caused by overfertilization and what happens to the fertilizers that exceed the maximum level?(2)
5. What are some ways could be done to block this problem(2)
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Lindsey- section 3
Farming consumes energy:
- The farming is highly energy-intensive especially fossil fuels, they supply all the energy.
- The direct energy use on farms rose a gasoline and diesel fuels were consumed by increasing mechanization of agriculture.
- The indirect also increased which are in the form of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and other agricultural chemicals.
- Additional energy is used in food processing, distribution, storage, and cooking.
-The energy of American diet requires five times as much as used directly in farming.
- Most of our food require more energy to produce, process, and get to market than yielding when we eat them.
- Mixing ethanol with gasoline helps reduce air pollution.
- Having new market helps struggling farmers.
- There has been debate about whether corn-based ethanol produces more energy than is required to grow and process the crops.
- British study said: Eating locally grown food has much more less environmental impact.
quiz: 3pt
8. Name four kinds of additional energy used in farm consuming energy.
9. The direct energy use on farms rose a _____and___ ____ (two words) were consumed by increasing mechanization of agriculture.
10. Is is true that if you mix gasoline with ethanol, it helps to reduce the air pollution?
handout: 6pt
6. When using the complex system(processing) of the US, how much energy is more required?
7.How could farmers assist in moving to a renewable energy future?
8.What does fast-growing trees, Kenaf, switch grass, cattails, and other energy crops mainly used for?
9. After crops leave the farm, what happens? Briefly explain.
10. What does many farmers think is the most lucrative crop?
11. When does the direct energy use on farm increase?
wind farm energy
http://www.greenprophet.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/wind-energy-golan-turnines-photo-1024x768.jpg
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